ABOUT THE PRESENCE OF ACARIASES PANDEMIC ON THE PLANET

Autor: Rakhima D. Zhaxylykova

Source: www.allergy.kz

Introduction

Clinical medical acarology is less developed field. Some aspects of acarology are reported by the specialists from different fields: infection disease doctors, dermatologists, epidemiologists, rheumatologists, allergists, acarologists, veterinarians, microbiologists and others. The results of our studying more than 35 years are certified that clinical acarology should be one of the leading disciplines of clinical medicine /1/.

Among the variety of acaries the ticks (ixodes, argasidae and part of gamasidae) are known as carriers of different infection diseases of human. They invoke peculiar painful view in human’s skin and hypoderm by its stings. Moreover, acaries open the entry for other microorganisms to the skin. Mites (they are more in visible and quantitative relation) beside described, they are able to cause diseases, combined under general collective title of scab (synonyms: acarias, acaros, mite dermatitis and others). Detrimental meaning of acaries expresses in the capacity of any representations to suck on the human at the presence of specified conditions (for example, lack of other food) /2/.

Each century and especially millennium is characterize by its diseases. It was, it is and it will be always. The cause of that is great adaptation of whole alive on the earth. People, animals, plants and animals parasites adapt to new conditions of residence (including mites, bacterias, viruses and other microorganisms).

During more than eighteen centuries the different manifestations and complications of classical mange from the skin and internals had been raged among people. For a long time the main cause of development of these diseases was considered as incorrect fluid mixture of human organism. Even after indisputable proof of invasive disease nature - separation from pathologic skin elements of acary Sarcoptes scabiei and its viewing under microscope, there were scientists, who have thought that the mange is non-contagious disease. At the present time the situation in medicine recalls the same situation as above described: despite on 100% presence of demodexes in the skin and dermatophagoides' in the skin, excreta and in the people's biotop, the first ones are referred as saprophytes, causing the diseases in exceptional cases and only excreta and remains of bodies of the second ones are considered as mechanical and allergenic irritators. Presence of objective changes on these people's skin the specialists explains as the result of different diseases of internals (gastrointestinal tract, blood gland and etc.). Meanwhile, most researchers always find out demodexes and dermatophagoideses in the skin of classical scabies patients by the purposeful studying. But the medical treatment against of these mites is not provided. Clinical symptoms, caused by demodexes and dermatophagoideses, such as itch, dryness and others are interpreted as residual effect of sarcoptic scabies, postscabiotic itch and acarophobia. The presence of Sarcoptes scabiei in the people's skin, which have not typical onset for classical scabies, is explained as healthy carrier of itch mite (acarotregerstvo) /3/.

At the present time scientific literature and periodical press are full of information, telling about mites’ activation /4/. Ticks have become inhabitants in our parks, yards, houses and sometimes apartments. Besides, more than 200 kinds of mites have become residents in residential, administrative and utility buildings and other places of people staying /5/. Moreover, some of these last kinds live in the human bed, underwear and skin of people for many decades. Many researchers found out mites in excreta, tissues and organs of human organism. However, lack of knowledge of full clinics of diseases caused by mites is a cause of interpretation of it's finds as accidental. Unfortunately the situation came to the moment that mites are considered like ward attendants of our skin and our bedding, because they think that demodexes and dermatophagoideses feed by happened epitheliums and contents of skin glands, and by this, mites clean the pores of skin and bedding. The mites have felt a freedom because people killed its natural antagonists - lice, bugs, fleas and others. Meanwhile demodexes and dermatophagoideses, as any other mites, are able to cause the disease of human - of the same named acarias /6/.

After acquaintance with scientific literature on parasitology, acarology and zoology we have stopped on general collective name of diseases, caused by mites, - acarias. This convenient name is easy to add the sort name of causative agent and it defines at once what kind of mites caused the disease in each specific case. For example, demodecosis acarias, sarcoptic acarias, dermatophagoidic acarias and others. Each of these diseases has its own different features besides general ones for its symptoms as blotching, itching and others. In neglected cases each of these diseases is attended by the involvement to pathological process of internals and tissues. At the same time the features of clinical disease course define many internal and external factors including composition and virulence of associative causative agents complex, condition of macroorganism (its anatomic, biochemical, immunological, psychological and other features), nutrimental, labor, domestic, hygienic, uicand and other habits. All of them have marks on further presence of microorganisms’ family in the body of the patient. That’s why the acarias is appeared clinically in different way at different people including the members of one family. In clinical medicine it is registered and treated purposefully only by the sarcoptic acarias. Other varieties of acarias (demodectic, dermatophagoidic and others) are not described as whole, are not registered and so there is no any fight against them. By the results of our researches this situation is the main cause of increasing people’s disease and failure to kill many named chronic “noninfectious” diseases in the medicine’s effort, most part of these diseases is being really clinical masks of acarias, which sometimes taken unusual heavy complication /7/.

Materials and methods

35 years ago we had met the face demodicosis at four patients with chronic hepatitis. Further we have examined for creation, development and distribution of demodectic acariasis among contact persons with these patients (in habitat ), reproduced its in clinic and experiment, made purposeful studying in non-organizational and organizational collectives, hospitals, dispensaries with participation of a quantity of medical employees of different specializations. Our researches learned us to recognize not only demodectic but dermatophagoidic acarias and also sub-clinical variant of sarcoptic acarias by these inspections. For last period 388 780 people had been examined on clinic processing and complication of acarias. More than 2 million people from 14 cities of the former USSR have been as subject for purposeful clinical examination of opened parts of the body. The demodectic acarias, including reproduction disease at a volunteer in clinic, was learned at 49285 people and dermatophagoidic acarias - at 12590 people. The natural distribution and development of acarias were examined at 15722 people. Successful etiotropic treatment was made at 8548 patients with different diseases, which was really the result of clinical masks of acarias.

Laboratory diagnostics of acariasis was made under the methods designed by us /8, 9, 10, 11/ and also by the standard method scraping with participation of laboratory workers of dermatovenerologic establishments in Almaty. The accordance of the clinical symptoms of degree infested skin with mites was examined at 17823 patients.

Results and discussion

We have studied acarias by the non-science plan. Our scientific observations provided for patterns with chronic hepatitis in exacerbation stage and concerned the impact of diet therapy using national dairy foods (mare and camel milk) on disease remission and course of illness. We have examined in the dynamic with subjective conditions of patients, objective skin changes, clinical, biochemical and immunological blood analysis. When it was necessary we had made radioisotopic, ultrasonic, roentgen examination in the dynamic and needle biopsy of hepar /12/.

The first object of our acarological examination was the 48-years patient A. with chronic persistent hepatitis in the stage of exacerbation and red discoid lupus erythematosus. Dermatologists-consultants have identified demodexes in large quantities from the beet color of large-pored face skin area in the shape of the flying butterfly. On our question if this patient is infectious for near neighbor of the room the dermatologists have answered negatively. It is just this answer was paradoxically for us. How come? Large quantities of parasites are exuded from the patient’s skin and nevertheless, will she not be able to be contagious? During our major job fulfillment we have become more carefully to examine for the skin of similar patients and all people who were among them. We have found four persons with the laboratory confirmed demodecosis derma affection and contacting with 21 persons who had before healthy skin. Automatically we began to use our visual estimation of skin condition, without exception, to all people who were near us, making some notes in our notebook. By the result we have learned to see clinically those minimum changes on the initial healthy skin, which raisin at the beginning of its invasion by the mites. These changes had specified dynamic in the temporary aspect, showing visual derma affection by the mites - acarias in the last result /13/.

Skin inching is deemed as pathognomonic symptom of chronic hepatitis in the exacerbation stage. The inching was reduced or disappeared almost at all patients by the result of stationary sparing regimen, purposeful treatment for some time. However, 137 patients with chronic hepatitis, who received additional antiparasitic treatment, had decreased inching of skin or totally stopped for more long time (more than six months), than at 131 patients with chronic hepatitis, who didn’t receive the same therapy (14-45 days). After the treatment the visual skin condition has been looked healthier at first 137 patients than the skin of second 131 patients.

In 1980 we began to reexamine the received results on 49 patients with demodecosis by the targeted etiotropic treatment, disease reproduction on myself, and further - in the experiment on two cats. At this time we were able to define visually demodecosis and sub-clinical variant of sarcoptic acarias. Especially in this period we have developed methods of demodectic and other acarias diagnostic, and also made comfortable device for making one of developed methods of diagnostic. So long as acariasis always begins from the skin and the mycoderma, contacting with environment, its clinical diagnostic does not have difficulties. In public places we have provided large examination on the subject of presence of acarias symptoms' on the opened human body parts. Among 2 million who have been examined clinically were residents from Almaty, Moscow, Sankt-Petersburg, Kazan, Sochi, Pscov, Riga, Vilnius, Shymkent, Kentau, Tashkent, Bishkek, Ashkhabad, Dushanbe and other cities. The results of researches certified high spreading acarias among people. So in January 1981 among 18070 people, who were examined, 27% had clean skin - not invasion from the mites. From each month the quantities of people who have health skin of opened body parts reduced. So in August 1981, among 23175 people of examined, just 0,2% people had healthy skin /14/.

With academicians assistance by B.А. Atchabarov and М.Е.Zeltser in 1980-1982 the targeted reexamination of all aspects of clinical scientific discovery was provided on the basis of many institutions of Almaty city. For this purpose the researches were made in stationeries of hospitals and medical scientific-research institutes; in municipal and regional hospitals; skin dispensaries by municipal and republic significance, children, school, preschool establishments, colleges, institutions and others. The doctors were attracted for joint work from above mentioned institutions: dermatologists, pediatricians, oculists, therapeutists, laboratory workers and also doctors and candidates of medical Sciences, scientists of Republic Allergenic Center, Science-research Institutes of Ophthalmology, Venereology, Endemic Medicine, Microbiology, Epidemiology and others. By the sampling laboratory examination from the human skin with visual symptoms of derma affection by mites and at patients with skinning diseases were exuded the Demodex folliculorum longus, Demodex folliculorum brevis and its colonies. By the research of skin in vivo demodexes and dermatophagoides' were founded in an active condition on the skin of patients. The results of provided researches and to draw conclusions from them have been reported to the Ministers of Health Care of Republic of Kazakhstan and SSSR, Chairmen of Scientific Medical Soviet of Kazakhstan and SSSR, directors of Republic and Central Skinning Institutes, Allergenic Center, Institutes of rheumatology and others in written and verbal form.; on medical conferences, congresses and symposiums of republic, united and international conducting, which were provided in Almaty; annual meetings of dermatologists and allergists societies in Almaty and Kentau, Congress of acarologists in Bishkek in 1986 and others. In that period our information was taken ambiguously as officials in health field as dermatologists and allergists specialists against practical lacking of wide information of epidemiological condition on the planet.

In 1979 - 1989 we studied almost full accessible literature, having any relation to ticks and mites and diseases resulting by them, literature on Biology, Medicine, Parasitology, Veterinary, Acarology and Zoology in the libraries of Almaty, Sankt-Petersburg and Moscow. We thank to scientists over the world, because in their published materials we could find almost all about acarias in parts. Without their data we could not understand clearly in our unique non-stereotyped examinations and being sure in full correctness of our conclusions. The considerable role was our interest to ophthalmological operations in student years, work experience at the beginning of a medical practice in conditions of distant healthy localities, scientific activity based on gastroenterological high technically equipped departments of the Republic Clinical Hospital.

In 1979-1981 a clinical indicator of derma affection by mites at patients of different departments (allergological, neurological, gastroenterological, urological and others) of Republic Clinical Hospital was balanced from 70 % (in urological department) to 85% (in allergological department) /15/.

From 1981 to the present time continues studying the clinic of dermatophagoidic acarias, which is associated with demodectic acarias in many cases. Many patients have mixed demodexes and dermatophagoides' invasion clinically, and sometimes -sarcoptids, not counting bacterias, viruses, fungals and others /16/.

In 1983-1985 there were no people who weren’t affected by mites among patients of health locality # 2 of hospital #4 of Almaty city. From 18700 patients, passed the examination 40% patients had beginning stage, 52% - developed disease stage and 8% patients - complicated stage (by our classification) of acarias in the cabinet of functional diagnostic of the same hospital in 1986-1988 /17/. All 319 dispensary patients of rheumatological cabinet suffered from the complications of acariases. Where at 82% of them acariases was major disease /18/. In the amount of patients of Sanatorium-preventorium “Health” in 78% cases the manifestation and complications of acariasis was the main cause of its presence in the sanatorium. In 1991-2006 the specific weight of patients with acariases in initial stage, who addressed to the allergodermatologist, was reduced from 91 to 12%. In accordance with this the percent of patients with different complications of acariases was increased. In 2006-2008 it was noted increasing number of patients, who addressed with grave and extremely grave complications of acariases /19/.

By the targeted research of the skin of 17823 patients in 98,1% were found demodexes, in 0,5% - dermatophagoides', in 0,6% cases sarcoptes' were found, and in 0, 8% - other mites (onion, grain, granary, paunchy /predatory/, rooted). At that in 2,4% of the researches were found several genuses of mites. Visual identification of mites was provided by the doctor of Biological Sciences, acarologist - V.N. Kusov. Direct correlation was noted between clinical appearances of acariasis on the skin and quick finding mites on and into the skin /20/.

At the present time by the official statistic data almost in all countries the growing place has allergenic, dermal, cardiovascular, neurological, rheumatic, oncological and others human diseases as called “noninfectious diseases” (NID) /21/. As our long term researches showed that in 60-80% cases these diseases had clinical mask of acariasis in 1979-1981. From each year the number of patients with beginning appearance of acariases reduced and increased the number of people with complicated and difficult onset of acariases who address for getting assistance to the allergists and dermatologists. This fact is full explained from the point of infectious pathology and epidemiology: any infectious (invasion) disease can progress and give different and heavy complications by the lack of needed management with it. Acarias is a primary chronic infectious (invasion) disease. The lack of antiacariasis measures is a major cause why in last years beginning disease onsets have been seldom found at the children and among children, who addressed to the doctor for treatment, have already had heavy variants of acarias. Acarias is progressed by the lack of provided preventive medical measures. Complications of acarias are registered under the mask of known “non-infectious” diseases (NID) in medicine, their undifferential and heavy variants, description of new hitherto of unknown diseases, etc. These facts allow to presuppose that the lack of antiacariases measures is being the main cause of incessant growth of human disease NID and in the absence of full cure patients from these diseases. Burst type growth of NID (it is seen visually by the growing allergenic and skin diseases /22,23/), the most of them is being clinical masks of acariases, to allow us to assert that at the present time is presence of pandemic acariases on the planet . This scientific position we are ready to confirm by full treatment of group patients with different clinical manifestations and complications of acariases, registered in clinical medicine under the mask of allergic dermatosis. Only correct (task-oriented) etiopathogenetic treatment is able to treat fully a patient from the disease which he has. Thereby we can confirm correctness of actual origin and disease development. There is no method 100% confirmed correctness of etiological theory except full treatment of patient. In medical practice non-taking stock of acarias /24/ complicates largely the clinical course of known infectious and non-infectious human diseases.

In 2000 we have placed in Internet the site with explanation of main aspects of this scientific discovery in the field of clinical medicine. This year many representatives of World health Organization, dermatologists, allergologists and acarologists communities of many countries have received this information via e-mail. From 1981 detailed information was spread on the territory of the former SSSR. As the result the interest of doctors over the world is increased to the mite-borne pathology. At the present time many researchers in different regions of planet think by our data , our works is quoted. The diagnostic, treatment and preventive measures of mite-borne human pathology is engaged in state and private hospitals. Antimite drugs and goods is produce by Pharmacological Industry and Network Marketing. Industry makes makeup preparations, vacuum cleaners, mattresses, beddings and others, intended for reducing and extirpation of mites in biotope of human. All these measures make us happy. However, preventive process with human diseases, caused by mites, is being more slow and wrong. It means by the raising incredible complications of acariases, that it has a place at the present time. In accordance with this we didn’t stop to inform the world medical community about clinic, modern diagnostic and treatment of acariases, which are distributed pandemic to the beginning of III century. A lot of aspects of acariases is not studied to the end. It is necessary to consolidate the efforts of acarologists, clinicians of different medical specializations, health care and wide public administrators for liquidation of acariases.

Resume

At the beginning of XXI century mites play important role in our life as one thousand years ago. The mites have entered in our surrounding, wherefrom they transferred to our body, extended in it and begun to create more dangerous diseases as one thousand years ago. At the present time the development of medical Science and technics allows to find out mites on the body and inside of each patient by the derma affection. However the main meaning for acariases liquidation has the detailed knowledge of clinic disease, consolidation of efforts of biological scientists, officials of practice health care and wide public.

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